Hematologic, Immunologic, and Neoplastic Disorders Practice Test

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• RBC levels decline to approximately what range by 2-3 months of age?
• An older child with immunodeficiency and oral candidiasis is most concerning for which diagnosis?
• In a splenic sequestration crisis, what happens to the blood?
• Rituximab: target and a major infection risk.
• Which laboratory test most directly assesses the extrinsic coagulation pathway?
• What are the two major categories of lymphoma and a hallmark difference between them?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• Which intervention is commonly used in the care of a child with sickle cell disease?
• A patient has microcytic anemia with low ferritin and high TIBC. What is the most likely diagnosis and first-line treatment?
• How does the Lugano staging system differ from Ann Arbor for lymphomas?
• In anemia, which test result would typically be decreased?
• Which symptom would you most likely report in a child with a suspected cancer diagnosis?
• Why is vitamin K administered at birth?
• Doug, 12, experiences frequent nosebleeds, easy bruising, and blood in the urine; his parents discourage him from contact sports due to his condition. Which disorder best explains his symptoms?
• In a 10-year-old with Hemophilia A who has not received factor for a year and experiences head trauma, which complication is most likely?
• What is the classic triad of acute graft-versus-host disease manifestations?
• In severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), what is the major immunologic defect and the standard treatment approach?
• A patient with bone pain, anemia, and renal impairment has an M-protein spike on SPEP. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• Which of the following lists common bleeding manifestations in ITP?
• Which factors place this patient at increased risk for injury?
• Which tumor markers are associated with pancreatic and ovarian cancers?
• A 30-year-old presents with pallor, fatigue, pancytopenia, and a hypocellular bone marrow. What is the most likely diagnosis?
• What is the best initial nursing action when a child with Hemophilia A presents with a concussion?
• Which is a common symptom of anemia in children?
• In sickle cell disease, cerebrovascular accidents involve which organ primarily?
• Which statement describes iron deficiency anemia treatment?
• Which feature distinguishes Hodgkin lymphoma from most non-Hodgkin lymphomas?
• In the leukemia diagnostic process, which action is appropriate to include?
• Which tests assess the extrinsic and intrinsic pathways of coagulation, respectively?
• Which statement accurately describes the inheritance of hemophilia A and B?
• What is the hallmark serum protein electrophoresis finding in multiple myeloma?
• Non-Hodgkin lymphoma is best described as what?
• Which finding is most characteristic of aplastic anemia?
• A common skin complication seen in sickle cell disease is which of the following?
• Which of the following is NOT a typical presenting finding in hemophilia?
• Which finding may be present in Wilms tumor?
• Which coagulation test is typically prolonged in hemophilia?
• Alpha-thalassemia is most commonly found in which geographic regions?
• What is the normal hemoglobin range?
• Which laboratory finding will be abnormal in a child with hemophilia?
• Graft-versus-host disease: what is it and which transplant setting carries the highest risk?
• Which practice supports activity tolerance in a child with sickle cell disease?
• Ewing sarcoma can occur in any bone; usually the femur; what are typical presenting features?
• What is the Lugano classification used for?
• Hyperviscosity syndrome in Waldenström macroglobulinemia is most commonly due to which immunoglobulin?
• What cells are pathognomonic on biopsy for Hodgkin lymphoma?
• In immune thrombocytopenia, platelets are typically less than which value?
• Which of the following is a common sign of iron deficiency anemia in infants?
• Jenai was bitten by a tick and now has petechiae, blood in the stool, and spontaneous nosebleeds; labs show a decreased platelet count. Which disorder is most likely?
• Which condition is characterized by pancytopenia with hypocellular bone marrow?
• ABO transfusion incompatibility: typical reaction timing and presentation?
• Explain the mechanism and management of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
• What defines the Ann Arbor staging A vs B in lymphoma?
• In sickle cell disease, which organ and finding is described by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk?
• Which chromosomal translocation is characteristic of chronic myeloid leukemia?
• Which diagnostic procedure is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid in leukemia evaluation?
• Which of the following is a CRAB feature of multiple myeloma?
• For splenic sequestration crisis in sickle cell disease, which treatment is listed?
• Where is hematopoiesis occurring at birth?
• Which immunophenotype is characteristic of CLL?
• Aplastic crisis in sickle cell disease is typically triggered by which factor?
• WBC counts decline after how many hours post-birth?
• What is the normal hematocrit range?
• DIC is defined as what, and name two common triggers?
• Differentiate PT/INR and aPTT in terms of pathways assessed and clinical uses?
• Sickle cell disease pathophysiology: what mutation and what is the most common acute hospitalization cause in adults?
• Auer rods are associated with which leukemia and what do they indicate?
• Which sport should be encouraged for safe participation after stabilization of a patient with Hemophilia A?
• Which statement about clotting factor levels in infancy is true?
• Which leukemia is most common in children?
• Which care practice would you anticipate when planning the shift for a child with leukemia?
• Which finding is common in iron deficiency anemia?
• In early life, when is the WBC count highest?
• Acute chest syndrome is a serious complication most commonly seen in which disorder?
• CAR-T cell therapy: concept and approved indications.
• Which infection-control practice is appropriate for a leukemia patient to reduce infection risk?
• During a well-child exam, a 3-year-old girl with known hearing loss and developmental delays lives in an old house with copper pipes and chipped paint. She reports abdominal pain, vomiting, constipation, and headaches. What condition is suspected?
• Normal thrombin time (TT) range?
• Ewing sarcoma most commonly involves which bone?
• The nurse calculates the absolute neutrophil count (ANC) using Band percent plus Seg percent times total WBC. If the CBC shows WBC 1.5 x 10^3/µL with bands 3% and seg 29%, what is the ANC and classification?
• Normal prothrombin time (PT) range?
• Which laboratory finding is most associated with acute intravascular transfusion reaction?
• Imatinib: mechanism and primary indication.
• During chemotherapy administration for leukemia, which action is appropriate?
• Iron studies pattern in iron deficiency anemia shows which combination?
• Which statement best describes the role of hydration in preventing crises in sickle cell disease?
• Which statement about hemophilia care is true?
• During neutropenic precautions, what is the best response to a visitor bringing garden flowers?
• What is the normal platelet count range?
• Which assessment should be avoided if Wilms tumor is suspected?
• Which of the following conditions is NOT listed as a chronic disease causing anemia?
• Which of the following is a non-CRAB feature in plasma cell disorders?
• Which of the following is a precipitating factor for a sickle cell crisis?
• Priapism in sickle cell disease is an emergency because it can cause tissue damage due to microcirculatory obstruction. Which statement is true?
• MGUS vs smoldering myeloma: which statement is correct?
• What is the normal range for red blood cell count in a healthy child?
• Which agent is an alternative to allopurinol for uric acid control in tumor lysis syndrome?
• Which laboratory pattern indicates hemolysis with intravascular involvement (low haptoglobin, high LDH, high indirect bilirubin, reticulocytosis)?
• In caring for a child with hemophilia, which history finding would you expect?
• Reed-Sternberg cells on biopsy are characteristic of which lymphoma?
• Features of X-linked agammaglobulinemia: which immunoglobulins are reduced and typical age of presentation?
• What is a core component of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) treatment?
• During a PRBC transfusion, which monitoring step is recommended in the first minutes of the infusion?
• Prolonged anemia in pediatric patients may present with which combination?
• M-spike on serum protein electrophoresis indicates which type of disease?
• Which clinical manifestation is most characteristic of thrombocytopenia in a child?
• Which statement is true regarding iron deficiency anemia management in infants?
• Which item is commonly addressed in post-operative education for osteosarcoma?
• Vaccination considerations for immunocompromised patients and household contacts are best described as:
• For administering liquid oral iron to a child, which method is recommended to avoid staining the teeth?
• Platelet transfusion refractoriness is most commonly due to what?
• A 12-month-old presents with poor muscle tone, irritability, concave nailbeds, and edema. Which disorder is most consistent with these findings?
• What is a recognized strategy to reduce painful crises in sickle cell disease?
• By about how long do WBC counts stabilize after birth?
• Which presentation signs are typical in leukemia?
• Waldenström macroglobulinemia hallmark and its clinical consequence is best described as which of the following?
• Normal fibrinogen range?
• Vitamin K is required for synthesis of which clotting factors?
• Which targeted therapy is used to treat CML by inhibiting BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase?
• Which description best captures bone involvement in sickle cell disease?
• During rounds, a pediatric patient awaiting a bone marrow biopsy has a low reticulocyte count and thrombocytopenia. Which diagnosis is most consistent with these findings?
• How do ferritin and transferrin saturation help distinguish anemia of chronic disease from iron deficiency anemia?
• Vaccines in immunocompromised patients: which vaccines are contraindicated?
• In SCID, which lymphocyte development is defective?
• Which statement describes the typical presentation and immunophenotype of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) compared with small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL)?
• Beta-thalassemia is most commonly found in which regions?
• Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction vs acute hemolytic transfusion reaction: distinguishing features.
• A 4-year-old with a swollen abdomen and good appetite is most likely to have which diagnosis?
• Name two major beta/thalassemia types and typical geographic prevalence.
• Which nursing action is appropriate for a child with thrombocytopenia?
• In managing sickle cell disease, which measure is central to reducing crises?
• What is an appropriate approach when preparing a child for a bone marrow aspiration?
• Which statement correctly describes initial management of tumor lysis syndrome?
• Which biomarkers are used in staging myeloma with the ISS system?
• Which statement about absolute neutrophil count (ANC) is true?
• Which statement correctly identifies the interpretation of an ANC of 480 cells/µL?
• The therapeutic management of children with sickle cell disease primarily consists of which of the following?
• Reticulocyte production index interpretation in anemia states which of the following is correct?
• In suspected vitamin B12 deficiency, which additional lab finding supports the diagnosis besides low serum B12?
• What is von Willebrand disease and how is it diagnosed?
• Adult hematologic levels for RBCs are reached during which period?
• HIV infection progression and impact of antiretroviral therapy.
• Spleen involvement in sickle cell disease is characterized by infarcts leading to fibrosis and increased infection risk. Which option reflects this description?
• Koilonychia (concave nailbeds) is a classic sign of which condition in children?
• What happens to the red blood cell count after the newborn begins breathing air?
• In managing a child with sickle cell disease, which therapy would you include?
• Which statement best differentiates acute myeloid leukemia (AML) from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
• Normal activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) range?
• What is the first-line therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma?
• Which statement best defines anemia?
• In Lugano staging, which imaging modality is used for response assessment?
• Hyperviscosity symptoms in this disorder can include which of the following? (Choose the best specific symptom listed)
• For PRBC transfusion, which action is appropriate when starting the transfusion?
• During a vaso-occlusive crisis in a child with sickle cell disease, which intervention most improves tissue perfusion?
• A 60-year-old presents with fatigue and macrocytic anemia with hypersegmented neutrophils. What is the most likely deficiency and the initial confirmatory test?
• Which statement about tumor lysis syndrome pathophysiology is NOT true?
• In thrombocytopenia, what is the typical prophylactic platelet transfusion threshold?
• Immune thrombocytopenia commonly presents after which event?
• Which statement about the role of PET-CT in lymphoma response assessment is true?
• Five-year-old Roxy presents with failure to thrive, lymphadenopathy, oral candidiasis, and diarrhea. Which diagnosis best fits these findings?
• Which condition is most commonly evaluated by ferritin levels as an indicator?
• In chronic myeloid leukemia, which translocation is characteristic and what drug targets it?
• In addition to bone pain, which symptom is commonly reported with Ewing sarcoma?
• In sickle cell disease, which ocular complication is commonly observed?
• Which finding supports increased intracranial pressure in an adolescent with head injury?
• In infants, cow's milk should be limited until at least what age?
• Iron studies in anemia of chronic disease show which pattern?
• CAR-T cell therapy typically targets which B-cell antigen?
• Which drug is a BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in CML?
• Which presentation is typical for Hodgkin lymphoma in a adolescent?
• Flow cytometry in leukemia/lymphoma classification primarily provides immunophenotyping to identify which of the following?
• Which triad best describes extremity symptoms in sickle cell disease?
• Which renal manifestations are typical of sickle cell disease?
• What is the priority nursing care for this patient with Hemophilia A presenting with head trauma?
• Common adverse effects of alkylating chemotherapeutic agents.
• Tonya is a 16-year-old African American girl with pain in both hands, chest pain, fever, and moderate respiratory distress; she is receiving IV hydration and hydroxyurea. Which disorder does she most likely have?
• Which statement about platelet levels in newborns is true?